Search results for "Molecular level"
showing 10 items of 29 documents
ATR-Spin: an open-source 3D printed device for direct cytocentrifugation onto attenuated total reflectance crystals.
2021
Infrared Spectroscopy (IR) enables the direct and rapid characterization of cells at the molecular level. Achieving a rapid and consistent cell preparation is critical for the development of Point-of-Care diagnostics for cell analysis. Here we introduce an open-source, 3D printed device for integrating the isolation, preconcentration, and measurement of attenuated total reflectance IR spectra of cells from biofluids. The tool comprises a disposable card for cytocentrifugation, equipped with magnets, which allows reproducible integration into the pathlength of the IR spectrophotometer. Preliminary results using cell media containing A459 cells indicate that this system enables a qualitative …
Topical application of the Wnt/β-catenin activator methyl vanillate increases hair count and hair mass index in women with androgenetic alopecia
2016
Activation of the WNT/β-catenin pathway has emerged as a potential therapeutic target in androgenetic alopecia (AGA). Methyl vanillate (MV) - a safe plant-derived ingredient - has been recently shown to activate the WNT/β-catenin signaling. Objectives Two distinct substudies were conducted. First, we designed a 6-month, uncontrolled, open-label clinical study to investigate whether topically applied MV may increase hair count and hair mass index (HMI) in female AGA. Second, we conducted a molecular study on the effect of MV on WNT10B mRNA expression in scalp biopsies of women with AGA. A total of 20 Caucasian women (age range: 25-57 years) with AGA (Sinclair grade 1-2) were included. The re…
Hybrid Materials Based on Magnetic Layered Double Hydroxides: A Molecular Perspective
2015
Design of functional hybrids lies at the very core of synthetic chemistry as it has enabled the development of an unlimited number of solids displaying unprecedented or even improved properties built upon the association at the molecular level of quite disparate components by chemical design. Multifunctional hybrids are a particularly appealing case among hybrid organic/inorganic materials. Here, chemical knowledge is used to deploy molecular components bearing different functionalities within a single solid so that these properties can coexist or event interact leading to unprecedented phenomena. From a molecular perspective, this can be done either by controlled assembly of organic/inorga…
The Subject Matter and Methods of Comparative Biochemistry
1994
The diversity of living organisms, the abundance of forms, colours and phenotypes, is one of the most impressive aspects of our world. Since ancient times, science has concerned itself with the ordering and classification of this diversity. At first, only those structures and processes which were recognizable without any special apparatus could be compared; the invention of the light microscope and the electron microscope introduced new dimensions and new opportunities for comparison. Finally, progress to the molecular level became possible with the development of methods of biochemical analysis. Different comparative biological disciplines arose, each with particular goals and methods. The…
Recent Developments in Calixarenes and Their Properties
1989
The increasing number of reports, monographs and patents dealing with the hemistry of inclusion compounds shows the growing interest of organic chemists in elaborating new chemical systems presenting novel physical and chemical properties. These properties are available for fundamental as well as applied research. On the one hand, basic studies on the structure and the nature of inclusion compounds provide information on the intermolecular forces implicated in organized systems and in enzyme processes. On the other hand, applications are in progress in laboratories and industries, for instance, in catalyzing chemical reactions, in transporting and extracting metallic cations, and in modifyi…
El asesoramiento genético en los déficits visuales y auditivos
2008
espanolObjetivo: Las enfermedades hereditarias que afectan a la retina y la audicion presentan una amplia heterogeneidad clinica y genetica. Durante la pasada decada se han producido importantes avances en el conocimiento de la patogenia molecular de estas enfermedades y, actualmente, mas de 200 genes y loci estan implicados en enfermedades de la retina y mas de 60 son responsables de perdida de audicion. Metodo: El estudio genetico molecular es crucial para confirmar el diagnostico clinico, permite, en ocasiones, conocer el pronostico de la enfermedad, un consejo genetico y reproductivo adecuado y permite la posibilidad de crear grupos de pacientes geneticamente homogeneos para futuros ens…
Mechanisms of protein expression in the rat optic nerve: Modifications by alcohol exposure
2005
espanolObjetivos: Nuestros trabajos previos han demostrado que el consumo abusivo de etanol durante la gestacion induce retraso en el desarrollo y alteraciones estructurales en los ojos y en la vision (Pinazo-Duran et al., Teratology 93; Eur J Ophthalmol 97; Stromland and Pinazo-Duran, Teratology 94; Alcohol Alcoholism 02). Nos proponemos estudiar a un nivel celular y molecular si el etanol modifica la expresion de proteinas marcadoras del desarrollo glial durante los estadios pre- y postnatal de la rata, que puedan contribuir a la dismorfogenesis del nervio optico. Metodo: Para estudiar las acciones del etanol sobre el desarrollo del nervio optico de ratas sometidas a un proceso de alc…
Polymorphism in the immunoglobulin-like domains of the receptor tyrosine kinase from the sponge Geodia cydonium.
1996
Sponges [Porifera] are the phylogenetically oldest phylum of the Metazoa. They are provided with both cellular and humoral allorecognition systems. The underlying molecules are not yet known. To study allorecognition in sponges we first determined the frequency of graft rejection in a natural population of the marine sponge Geodia cydonium. We then determined, for the first time at the molecular level, the degree of sequence polymorphism in segments of one molecule which may be related to sponge allorecognition and host defense: the Ig-like domains from the receptor tyrosine kinase [RTK]. Thirty six pairs of auto- and allografts were assayed, either by parabiotic attachment or insertion of …
Charting a Roadmap for Heart Failure Biomarker Studies
2013
Heart failure is a syndrome with a pathophysiological basis that can be traced to dysfunction in several interconnected molecular pathways. Identification of biomarkers of heart failure that allow measurement of the disease on a molecular level has resulted in enthusiasm for their use in prognostication and selection of appropriate therapies. However, despite considerable amounts of information available on numerous biomarkers, inconsistent research methodologies and lack of clinical correlations have made bench-to-bedside translations rare and left the literature with countless publications of varied quality. There is a need for a systematic and collaborative approach aimed at definitively…
Metals in supramolecular chemistry
2014
Abstract Metals have played a fundamental role in the development of supramolecular chemistry. The main steps taken from the pre-supramolecular age to the present time are retraced with a brief description of salient examples from the unconscious use of gold nanoparticle in the preparation of the Lycurgus cup (5th or 4th century B.C.) to the modern use of metals as templates, for the preparation of large self-assembled structures, of molecular sensors, switches, motors and machines, for mimicking biological processes, for tissue and organ imaging or for the application of the Boolean logic at the molecular level.